2.82- Communication

Describe how responses can be controlled by hormonal or by nervous communication and understand the differences between the two systems

1. First way to connect the coordinator to the effector:

• The left side of the nerve would be embedded in the spine
• The right side will be connected to the effector (muscle)
• The electrical impulse is carried inside the nerve from the cell body to the synaptic knob
• This is where it connects to the muscle
• The long structure in the middle is known as the axon
• This is surrounded by the schwann cells which is a layer of fat
• These form Myelin sheath which increases the speed which increases the speed of nerve conduction

    2. Second way of connecting the coordinator to the effector:

• This is known as the endocrine system
• The endocrine gland produces a chemical (hormones) 
• The hormone is secreted into the blood
• The hormones travels through the blood stream and goes to the target tissue
• The hormones can effect multiple target tissues and can bring about multiple effects

1. Nerve Impulses:
• Fast
• Nervous coordination is Instantaneous
• Sent through neurons
• Enables body to react to external environment
2. Hormone Impulses:
• Really slow
• Prolonged effect on body
• Enables body to react to internal environment